Managing Director, Dubai International Financial Exchange, Dubai, United Arab Emirates Armen V. Papazian earned his Ph.D. at the University of Cambridge, specializing in financial economics. He has since supervised and lectured in Cambridge, Beirut, Dubai, and India. Papazian has written in policy and professional journals on monetary policy issues, has been a speaker and consultant to public and private organizations, and is an active researcher in capital markets and Islamic finance. He has addressed many conferences on Islamic finance.