Associate Professor, American Graduate School of International Management; Glendale, Ariz. Gillian Rice has been Associate Professor of Marketing at the American Graduate School of International Management (Thunderbird) since 1990. Her research investigates international trade shows as export promotion tools, predictors of environmental consumer behavior, the transfer of environmental technology to developing countries, and the implications of Islamic ethics for advertisers. She was a Fulbright Scholar at the University of Bahrain during 1996-7.

Professor, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals; Dhahran, Saudi Arabia Essam Mahmoud is Professor of Quantitative Analysis and Quality in the Management and Marketing Department at King Fahd University. He was previously Chair of Technology Management and Director of the Technology Management Program at Arabian Gulf University and has taught at Arizona State University, the American Graduate School of International Management (Thunderbird), the University of North Texas, the University of Michigan at Flint, and Concordia University.