Zaytuna University, Tunisia.

"Spiritual motivation was among the most important renaissance factors which Malek Bennabi, being the pioneer in this field, focused on. Bennabi interpreted the inception of the Islamic civilization as based on spiritual factors, noting that whenever such a factor starts to languish, civilization, in turn, starts to become feeble as well, even if reason prevails. If spiritual motivation starts to break down, civilization starts to decline. This principle has applied to the Islamic civilization since its inception, weakness, and decline.