The Prophet Muhammad is considered the first commentator on the Qur’an and the exemplar whose actions teach Muslims how live and act in accordance with the Qur’an. Whereas the Qur’an provides accounts of the trials that previous messengers such as Moses and Abraham faced before their prophetic missions began, there are only a few allusions to the life of the Prophet Muhammad before the onset of his prophetic mission.
In the Qur’an, the covenant is etiological. As Tariq Jaffer writes, “from the perspective of the Qur’an the event in cosmic history is one that establishes and binds together the monotheistic worldview and an ethos or program of conduct on earth for humanity”.
| The “Intelligent Facilitator” is a computer program with several sensors and effectors and has some characteristics, such as autonomy, flexibility, learning, adaptation, communication, interaction with the users, the ability to transform goals into tasks, and acting in its environment. |
| The first section of the paper deals with the concept of the Intelligent Agent, whereas the second section talks about its unique characteristics. In the last section, the paper discusses the impact of the Intelligent Agent on E-commerce. |
| Many individuals and institutions charge Ujrah when they give Qardh. This raises questions about the permissibility of the ujrah in Islamic jurisprudence, particularly since all positive laws have approved its legitimacy worldwide. The paper attempts to answer this question in three sections. |
| The purpose of this article is to present some early definitions of taṣawwuf, uttered by a Sufi who lived before the end of the first half of the third/ninth century known by his paidonymic Abū Yazīd al-Bistāmī (161AH–234AH). |
Since the publication of Toshihiko Izutsu’s The Structure of Ethical Terms in the Qurʾan in 1959, scholars of
| The belief in prophets before the Prophet Muhammad (Sd W) and in the divine books that Allah Almighty sent to humanity/books revealed to the humanity by Allah Almighty constitute two of the six/five articles of faith in |
| There has been much speculation as to the type of calendar that was used by the pre-Islamic Arabs and the early Muslim community. |