"The Religious Idea of Malek Bennabi as a Basis for the Reconstruction of the Islamic Civilization: A Contemporary Reading in Malek Bennabi’s ‘The Conditions of the Renaissance’"

"The paper explores the religious idea of Malek Bennabi as a movement in the formation and analysis of human civilization throughout history, especially Islamic civilization. Malek Bennabi asserted that the formation of civilization is centered on the influence of the religious idea, which is intertwined with the interaction of a strong and effective relationship between man, place, and time. Bennabi was influenced by the history of Christian civilization and the theory of Ibn Khaldun’s historical cycle of a similar cultural evolution between the three cases of renaissance, apocalypse, and fall. The paper analyzes and emphasizes the importance of religion and religious thought as drivers of contemporary life in the era of modernism and postmodernism, which is characterized by secularism and post-secularism devoid of religion. Additionally, the paper will examine how Malek Bennabi built arguments and reasonable proof based on the philosophy of history and civilization, without historical evidence."