The liability of partners in an Islamic shirkah

Shirkah is a partnership in which two or more individuals combine capital, labor, or good credit standing in order to share profits and take on losses together. Various forms of shirka include: shirka anaam, in which the partnership concerns all manners of commerce indifferently; shirka san'aa, in which partners, even of different trades, agree to join in labor and in profits; shirka wujooh, in which the partnership is of credit and the partners together make a purchase without immediate payment; shirka jabr, which is a partnership by compulsion involving a dealer and a purchaser; shirka mufawadah, which, in the Hanafi school of thought, is partnership by reciprocity; and mudaraba, which is actually different from shirka but treated by some jurists as shirka.