Can we imagine a future for politics in Egypt without liberals and liberalism? Egypt’s political community is diverse and pluralistic, with competing and overlapping presences across liberal, Islamic, Arab nationalist, and socialist persuasions, to name a few. The liberal stream needs to remain an integral part of Egypt’s political and social landscape.
This chapter examines whether the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) provided a concrete background to illuminate the preludes to the Arab Spring by focusing on the experiences of Egypt, Syria, Tunisia and Yemen. It first considers the common features of the Arab Spring in Egypt, Syria, Tunisia and Yemen before discussing the implementation of the MDGs in those countries.
In diesem Kapitel wird ein neuer Ansatz zur Untersuchung des Zusammen hangs zwischen säkularer Politik und
This contribution addresses the extent to which the cultural – mainly Christian-Protestant – underlay to the concept of religion which became hegemonic in the 19th century has made its way into European law, shaping how religious freedom rights of Muslims are defined today. I begin by describing studies that examine the nexus between freedom of religion and the normativity of the concept of religion.